Use of Camera
The main aspect of moving image media language is the camera itself. There are two ways the camera is usually considered - by considering the positioning of the camera (and its view of the scene) and the cameras movement. The camera can control what we look at and how we look at it compared to a play where our focus could wander.
Framing & Movement- (A few of the main Shots and Movements)
Long Shot - This shot may be used to allow an audience to view a location or to create scale in a scene. It could also show how a subject is part of a crowd or involved in a large battle scene. This type of shot may also be known as an Establishing Shot which is used to set the scene at the start. For example in 'Friends' Establishing Shots were often used to locate the characters.
Mid Shot - Often called a 'head and shoulders' shot. The subject can be clearly identified and some aspect of their location are seen. This shot allows the audience to see some detail of facial expressions and their responses to dialogue. This type of shot is usually used when shooting conversations allowing the camera to swap between speakers.
Close Up - This is where the camera is positioned close to the subject focusing on their face. This would allow the audience to see the subjects reactions or emotion. They may also be used to create an intimate feeling for an audience.
Extreme Close Up - A small portion of the subject fills the shot. They are often used to focus the audience on an important piece of small visual information. They may also magnify emotions or reactions.
High Angle - Viewing the subject from above creates a sense of scale and can make the subject appear small and vulnerable.
Low Angle - Viewing the subject from above creates a sense of power and importance.
Eye Level Shot - Viewing a subject this way will make the audience feel as if they are spectators, the camera is what they would see if standing within the scene.
Point of View Shot - The camera is used as if it is the subjects eyes and the audience is experiencing what the subject would see.
Crane Shot - This provides a sense of scale and information for an audience.
Track - Camera follows the action horizontally, moving freely with the characters.
Pan - Camera follows the action horizontally but remains fixed in position.
Tilt - Camera follows the action vertically whilst remaining fixed on an axis point.
Hand Held Camera - Produces a jerky unsteady image, creating chaos and immediancy.
Crab - Camera moves right or left.
